Filter.



Ptenteu Aug. a, |899. A. E. KRAusE.

FILTER.

(Apxiqfiun mea July 1a, 159s.)

|I ...III I I. Ill D fl. E

4 Sheets- Sheet l.

www

(No Model.)

w|TNEsS Es:

QM/M wm@ ATTORN EYS.

TN: panels PETERS co, Pnoro-LJYNO.. wAsNmstoN, mc.

Patented Aug.- ,8, |899. A. E. KRAUSE.

FILTER.

(Application led July 13, 1898.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 2,

(No Model.)

INVENTOR m M BY 74A ATTORNEYS Patented Aug. s. |899. A. E. KnAusE.

FILTER.

(Application led July 13, 1898.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 3 R O Tl N E V N ATTORNEYS m: mms Pucns co. maremma..wnsmu Ulu Model.)

No. 630,363. A Patented Aug. s, |399.`

yA.1E. KnAusE.

FILTER.

(Application med July 13, 1898.)

(No Model.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

wnNl-:ssEsL mvENToR' l ATTORNEYS TH: cams Pirsws co, womurno..wnsnmcnou. u c.

UNTEh Srivri'isjl PATENT EEICE.

ARTHUR KRAUSE, or JERSEY CITY, lNEW JERSEY.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION frming part ef Letters Patent NQ. eeoeauatea August s,189e.

Apparition nea July 13. isssf serial No. 685,816. (No man.)

To aLZZ whom imty concern:-

13@ a known that I, ARTHUR E. 'KEAUSE a citizen of the United States,residin gat Jersey City, in the countyof Hudson and State of New Jersey,have invented certain new and useful Improvement-s in Filters; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to filters, and particularly to filters designedfor removing oil from boiler feed-water, although the improved' fil` terherein described is also applicable to the removal of sand, sediment,and impurities generally from water and to the filtration of all otherfluids.

My invention consists in a novel arrangement of filter-bagswithin `thefilter, in the. novel means employed for supporting said bags andcarrying off the filtrate, in the novel lmeans provided `for maintainingpassages through which the unfiltered liquid may reach all portions ofthe filtering surfaces and through which the filtrate may escape, in thenovel manner of introducing the-unfiltered liquid into the filter so asto avoid the settling of sediment upon the filter-bags, in the novel;means employed for cleansing the filter with out removing the bagstherefrom, and gener-I ally in the novel combination, construction ,land arrangement of thewparts.Y i L The objects of my invention are,`first, to provide a filter particularly adapted for the removal of oilfrom feed-water, but likewise adapted for general filtration, andwhichis compact and contains a very large filtering-V surface in proportionto its size; second, to so arrange the filtering material or medium thatall portions of such medium shall be; equally and highly efficient;third, to provide an improved construction and arrangement offilter-bags and improved means for supporting the same, maintainingpassages for the unfiltered and filtered liquids, and carrying off thefiltrate; fourth, to provide means for preventing, so far as possible,the settling of sediment upon the filter-bags; fifth, to provide meansfor cleansing the filter, and, sixth, to so construct the filter that itshall be durable, easily operated, easily cleaned, readily taken apartand put together, and compara- 'tively inexpensive. These objects areattained in the filter herein described, and illustrated in the drawingswhich accompany and form a part of this specification, in which the samereference-numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts, and inwhich- Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section of the filter throughthe center thereof, taken on the line a, a of Fig. 2,1ooking in thedirection ofthe arrows. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of thefilter, taken on the line b b of Fig. l, looking in the direction of thearrows. Fig. 3 is a detail view showing one of the filter-bag carrierswith a number of bags thereon, some of which are sectioned, and showingalso iu section the header into rwhich the filtrate from the variousseries of filter-bags is discharged. Fig. 4 is a vertical transversesection, on the scale of Figs. l and 2, of this header, the sectionbeing taken on the line c c of Fig. 3, looking in the direction of thearrows. Fig. 5 is a vertical transverse section of' one of thefilter-bag carriers,.taken on the line d d of Fig. 3, looking in thedirection of the arrows, the front layer of fabric of the filter-bagshown being broken away to show the bossed spacing-ring within the bag.Fig. 6 is a detail central longitudinal sectional view of one of thefilter-bag carriers, taken on the line e e of Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a trans-,versesectional view of one offthe filter-bag carriers, takenlnear the`discharge end of the carrier, on the line ff of Fig. (i.1 Fig. S is atransverse section of fhefilterlon the line g g of Fig. l, looking inthe direction of the arrows, showing the rear support of the filterbagcarriers and the bracket in which the shaft of the filter has one of itsbearings. Figs. 9 to 14, inclusive, are detail views of the filter-bagsand the parts in proximity thereto, showing different means whichmay beemployed for lpreserving vpassages for the unfiltered and filteredliquid to and from the filtering-surfaces. Fig. 9 shows edge andsectional views of a number of filter-bags, each composed of two outerlayers of cloth and a third inner layer of some fabric having a pile oneach surface, such as Turkish towcling or terry cloth. Fig. 10 is atransverse section of a filter-bag carrier, showing a face view of oneof the filter-bags of Fig. 9, the ou ter layer of fabric havin gbeenbroken away IOO to show the inner layer of piled fabric. Fig. 11 is aview similar to Fig. 9, butshowing bags which have between them a layerof piled fabric. Fig. 12 is a View similar to Fig. 10, showing a faceView of one 'of the filter-bags of Fig. 1l, the various layers of fabricof this p bag having been broken away to disclose the layers of piledfabric interposed between said bag and the next succeeding bag. Fig. 13is a view similar to Fig. 9, showing external spacing-rings between thefilter-bags; and

Fig. 14 is va vView similar to Fig. 9., showing filter-bags made from apiled fabric, such as Turkish toweling.

In the drawings, l is the main or centralf portion of the casing of thefilter.

2 and 3 are end pieces, 3 having cored out in i'tja chamber-4, intowhich the filtrate passes, as hereinafter described.

5 is a chamber cored out in thetop of the section l and maybe termed adistributionchamber since it serves to distribute the enterin'gliquidover substantially the whole lengt-h of the filtering-chamber. It has anopening 6, communicating with the supplypipe, anda port 7, extending itswhole length, 1 communicating with the filtering chamber and dischargingthe entering fluid tangentiall-y into the iilt'ering-chamber, as shownin Fig. 2.

to the filter, an-d 9 is a discharge-pipe.

'ter is in operation. i p

13 is a central shaft extending; from the dii-scharge endV of thefilter, through both- Walls v ofthe end piece 3, into and through themain. Vor-iil-`teringchamber of the filter and having bearings inabracket 14 at the right-hand en-d ofthe Iilter and also in the outerwall of the` end piece 3, where a stuffing-box 15 is pro- -vided. Thisshaft carri-es a plate'l-G and ae header 1-7, which together support aseries of..

iilter-bag carriers 18, upon which a series of; disk-like filter-bags 19are mounted.

The iilter-bag carriers 18 havea spider-'like section, as shown in Figs.2, 4, and 5, tliusi having recesses in theirsides,which,with the.lilter-bags themselves, form, channels for the, passage of the lftrate.They might be per forated" tubes; but when constructed as showny vtheymaybe cast, and require nol boringo'r. machine-Work other kthan thescrew-thread.` 'ing of their ends.

'carriers are continued through their enlarged The side recesses ofthese left-hand ends, as shown in Figs. G and 7 so`r that the filtratemay be discharged into the interi-or ofthe header 117. i I Thefilter-bags are ycom-posed of two or more layers of cloth`or-othersuitable material havf ing r`central openings, so that they mayslip'f over the carrier 18, and sewed or Woven tooverthefilter-bagcarriers'.

gether at their'outer edges. Within each bag are two spacing-rin gs,one, 20, having a plane surface and the other, 21, having a series ofbosses, so that openings for the passage of filtrate from the interiorof the bags to the channels in the sides of the carriers 18 are leftbetween the rings. These spacing-rings serve to separate the sides ofthe filter-bags for the purpose of affording free passage to thefiltrate as it passes from the inner surfaces of the bags to thechannels in the carriers 18.

.As already stated, the header 17' has an internal chamber. The headerhas also a hub revolubly lnounted in the inner Wall of the Aend piece 3,being surrounded by a stuffingbox, and this hub has an opening throughwhich the shaft 13 passes, but which is considerably larger than saidshaft, so that the filtrate entering the interior of the header 17passes through the opening in the hub thereof into the chamber Withinthe end piece 3.

' A crank 22 is provided for rotating the shaft 13. l

In theV bottom of the main casing 1 'of the filter are a series ofopenings 23, leading to a sediment-chamber 24, cored out in the bottomof the casing 1 or otherwise connected thereto. From this chambersediment may be drawn from time to time through a pipe 25, provided witha sui-table valve 26. pipe 25 and valve 26 may serve also 'asl a meansfor emptying the main chamberof the filter. A pipe 27, havin-g a'valve28 and con- I ne'cted with the filtrate-chamber 4, is provided The-v IOOalso to facilitate the cleansing-of: the ilter-4 bags', as hereinafterdescribed. At the top of the filter there is a scum-chamber 29,connected with the interior of the iil'ter through a passage 30.

As already stated and 'as shown in Fig. 0, the water' enters thefiltering-chamber in a tangential direction, tending therefore toeirvculate within the chamberin a rotary manner. Such circulation tendsto prevent the IIO collection of sediment upon the lilter-bags.

This circulation also assists in the Ycollection of scum in thescum-chamber 29 and also in the collection of sediment in thesedimentbeyond the mouth of the passage 30, leading 'to thescum-chamber, are projections or ins 31 and 32which intercept sedimentand scum carried by the water and direct the sediment Thescum--chamberisprovided witha, gageglass and with a cock 3'3, through whichv scum maybe drawn ol'.

into the sediment-'chamber and the scum into Y the scum-chamber.

rlhefilter-bags 19 are each'cbmposed of two llayers of cloth,s'ewetdf`or otherwise secured ltogetherat the edges and provided with cen- -tontwill, having a coarse thread interwoven into the meshes, so thatseparate channels are formed for the unfiltered liquid to find its 4wayover the entire surface of each bag when `the bags are in place upon thecarriers, as also to form similar channels within the bags, so vthat thefiltered liquid may pass into the side `a fabric, such as that known asTurkish toweling, which has a pile on each surface. Figs. 9 and 10illustrate this construction. The bags there shown have each an interiorlayer 35 of fabric having a pile. The piled fabric keeps the outerlayers of the filter-bag apart, and the spaces between the fibers of thepile permit passage of the filtered fluid. Layers of piled fabric mayalso be interposed. between the several bags to assist in preservingpassages through which the unfiltered liquid may reach the sides of thefilterbags. Figs. 11 and 12 show this construction. The layers of piledfabric between the filterbags are numbered 36. In this case a'finer`filtering-cloth may be used for the bags, the

interior and exterior layers of toweling providing for the free passageof the liquid both to and from the filtering-surfaces.

Before placing the bags upon their carriers each bag hasinserted into ittwo spacing rings or washers 20 and 21, one of these rings, as 21, beingprovided with bosses on the side adjacent tothe other ring, so as toprovide openings throughwhich liquid within the fil- -ter-bags may passinto the side channels of ythe filter-bag carriers. in place on theircarriers, they are pressed to- When the bags are gether and against thespacing-rings by com- :pression-nuts 40, so that direct passage ofunfiltered liquid between the bags into the channels of the carriersisprevented.

The character of the fabric used in the making of the bags and the useof layers of toweling within the bags or between them depends upon thecharacter of the fluid to be filtered and the impurities carriedthereby.

-If the fluid carries an exceedingly fine. sediment, then cloth of closemesh may be re quired. If the surface of the cloth is smooth,

it may be necessary or desirable to interpose between the bagsspacing-rings 39, as shown `in Fig. 13.

It will be obvious from the above that in these various combinations ofbags, spacing- `rings, and interior and exterior' layers of whichobviates the necessity of using interior and exterior separating-clothsof piled fabric.

The operation of the filter is as follows: lVater or other fluidentering the chamber 5 passes out through the port 7 into the main orfiltering chamber of the filter, being projected in a tangentialdirection. The water within this main chamber percolates through thesides of the filtering-bags into the interior thereof and then passesinto the side channels of the filter-bag carriers, flowinginto theinterior of the header 17. It then passes through the hollow hub of thisheader into the chamber et in the end piece 3 and then passes out. Inpassingt-hrough the filter-bags sediment and impurities carried by theliquid are caught. The rotary circulation of the fluid within the mainchamber of the filter, due to the projection of said fluid in atangential direction from the admission-port 7, tends to prevent thecollection of sediment or scum upon the surface of the filter-bags andto wash such impurities from said bags. The heavy impurities are carriedby centrifugal force to the sides and bottom of the filter, and beingintercepted by the fin 31 pass downward into the sediment-chamber 24:.The lighter impurities and scum pass to the top of the liquid within thefilter and are intercepted by the fin 32, passing 4up into thescum-chamber 29. Filtration continues in this manner until through thecollection of sediment and impurities upon the surface of thefilter-bags and in their poresthe filtration becomes too slow to beefficient. The filtering-surfaces may then be cleaned by revolving thebags by means of the crank 22. During this operation the inlet andoutlet valves 11 and 12 may be closed, and the impurities washed offfrom the bags and which pass into the sediment-chamber 24 may be drawnoff by opening the cock 26. At the same time the scum within the chamber29 may be drawn off by opening the cock 33. After the bags have beencleaned in this manner the supply and outlet valves may be opened andfiltration continued, as before. In order to facilitate rapid cleaningof the bags, steam or any suitable fluid may be introduced into thefilter in la reversedirection through the pipe 27, the

washing medium thus admitted passing into the header 17 and thence intothe interior of the filter-bags and out through their pores, thusserving to release impurities held in the pores of the bags or upontheir outer surfaces. The muddy liquid is then discharged through thevalve 26, the operation being thus continued until the bags are clean.

When it is necessary to renew the bags, the end piece 2 at theright-hand end of the filter is removed, together with the bracket 14,in which the right-hand end of the shaft 13 has its bearing, and theplate 16. The filter-bag carriers, with the bags thereon, may then beremoved by unscrewing them from the header 17 and drawing them out. Thefilter-bags may be removed from their carriers by un- ICO IIO

screwing the nuts li0 and slippingthe bags o. By a reverse operation thefilter-bags 'maybe putin place on their carriers and the carriersreassembled in the iilter. For feed- 1 Water filters a number ofcarriers and filter'- lbags .mounted thereon may be kept inreadioccupied is obtained, the bags being 'smaller are not so likely toburst, andthe liability of the bags to ru-lpture is further' redufced,owing i to the fact'that the pressure is from the-out- `side inward.Furthermore,- since the impurities are deposited upon the outside of thebagsthe bags may be inore readily cleaned in. 'place Without removingthem from: the fiilterthan 4ispossiblewith the ordinaryl arrangeinen'tof' filter-bags The bags areviniultually `suppertinfgwhen in use andrequire no internal stiienifng device to .prevent them from failing oversidewise to such. an extent as to interfere'with filtration.

`means 'for' preserving passages within the Having thus completelydescribed in'y invention, what I claim, and desire tofseeure by Letters.Patent, is-

1. In a lter, the combination, with a filterbag carrier,4 of aseries ofseparate transverse rtilt'ei-baggsthereon, having'openings throughwhireh the earrier passes, and meansfor' preventing passage ofuniiltered fluid between tire-bags into the fltrate', substantially asdescribed'.

v2r. In a'filte'r', the"'combinatiomwith a iilterbag carrier, of aseriesof separate transverse inter-,bags thereo n., having openingsthrough whieh the carrier passes, and having fluidtight: joints aboutthe edges of said openings tofprevent the passage of fluid between vtheinto the ltrate, su-bstantiallpr as d'escribed.

3. 11n a iiit'efr, thecombination, with' a filteibag carrier, of a`series of separate 'transverse filter-bags thereon, havingopeningsthrough which the carrier passes, and havingfluidtightjointsabout the edges 0f said' Openings topreventthe passageof fluid* between the bags'into the. filtrate, and means forpreservingpassageswithin the bags through which fluid may flow', substantially asdescribed.

4. Ina-.iilteig the combination, with ailftercarrier, of a series ofseparate'.transve'rise filter-bags thereon, having openings throughwhich the carrier passes, means for' pressing together the surfaces ofadjacent bags-about said openings, so as topreventthe passageof' ii'iuidbetween theba'gs into' the filtrate, and

A much greater amount of filtering-surface in proportion to 'th-espa'eel 1 bag carrier, of aseriresof separatetransverse f andmutuallysupporting iltersbags thereon,

bags through which iiuidniay flow, substaiil vti'ally. as described.

5. In a filter, the combination Witha iit'e'rbag carrier, of a series ofseparate transverse filter-'bags mounted on said carrier, and form-T fing therewith channelsv through which fluid may fiow, with whichchannels the interiors of said bags are in communication, substantiallyas described. l 6. In a iilte-r, the combination-.with 'aiilterbagcarrier, of a series of separate transverse 1 filter-bags thereon,having openings through which the carrier passes, and having lwatertightjoints about the edges of said openings to prevent the passage of fluidbetween Athe bagsI intothe iiltrate, said bags and carrier togetherform-ing channels through which fluid may flow, substantially asdescribed.

'7. In a filter, the conbinfationgwith a filterbag carrier, of a series'of separatetransverse filter-bags thereon,` havingA openings throughwhich the carrier passes,` means for pressing togethfer the sides' ofadjacent bags about-said .openinfgs, so as tof pre-vent `the passage offluid between the bags into' the"iiltrate,l and means 'forpreservingpassages within the bags through which iluid 'mayhem said bagsand vcarrier together forming passages' through which iiuid may 1li-ow,with which passages the interiors of `said bags are inicoin'niunication, substantially as described,

8. Ina Iil'ter, the combination/,with a filtersubstantially asdescribed.I

9K. In a filter, theeonrbination, with a 'lterf bag'carrier, of aseries-of separate transverse filter-bags thereon, eaeh Ycoinposi-nii ofa plurality of layers of fabric separate'froni the l fab rio o'f theadjacent bagaandv provided with :openings through which the carrierpasses, v substantially as described.y

10. In zii-filter', the co'inbinatiomwith afiliterbagoarrier, oftransverse filter-bagsI mounted j upon said carrier,spreading-ringswithin said bags, and means forplressing the-bags andrings"- together, substantially as described.

1l. Ina ljter',.the combination, withaiilterbagl'car'rier, of transverselt'erLbags mounted A on said carrier, spreadingLrings within said bagswhich provid-e'y passages through which :fluid may pass, vand meansy forpressing the bags and rings together, substantially as described.

12. In a filter, the' combination., with ai'teie bag carrier, oftransverse ii'Iter-bagsv mounted i uponsaidcarrier,spreading-ringswithin said bags, one of the rings of each'bag'havifng'projections with intermediate passages-upon the faceadjacent to the other' ring, and means for pressing the bags and ringstogether, substanti'all'y as described.

13. A` filter-bag consisting of a plurality of layers of fabric, one ormore of which have a piled surface, said layers of fabriclbeing sefcured together at their edges and having cen- IOO IIO

IZO

tral openings through which a filter-bag carrier may pass, substantiallyas described.

, 14. A filter-bag consisting of two outside layers of fabric and aninside layer having a piled surface, secured together at their edges andhaving central openings through which a filter-bag carrier may pass,substantially as described.

15. In a filter, the combinaton,with a filterbag carrier, of a series ofseparate contiguous and mutually-supporting transverse filterbagsmounted `upon said carrier, and means for preserving passages betweenthe bags through which fluid may flow, substantially as described.

16. In a lter, the co1nbination,with a filterbag carrier,of a series ofseparate and conti guous filter-bags thereon having openings in theirsides through which the carrier passes, and means for preservingpassages between the surfaces of said bags through which fluid may flow,substantially as described.

17. In a filter, the combination, with a filterbag carrier having aseries of separate transverse filter-bags mounted thereon, the interiorsurfaces of each bag, and the exterior surfaces of adjacent bags, beingin supporting contact with one another, and means for preservingpassages between such surfaces for the passage of fiuid, substantiallyas described.

18. In a filter, the combination, witha filterbag carrier, of transversefilter-bags mounted upon said carrier, and layers of piled fabricinterposed between said filter-bags, substantally as described.

19. In a filter, the combination, with a filterbag carrier adapted tocarry a series of transverse lter bags and having in -its sides groovesor channels adapted to communicate with the interiors of said bags, of aseries of transverse filter-bags mounted upon said carrier, and meansfor preventing fiuid from passing between the bags i nto the filtrate,substantially as described.

20. In a filter, the combination, witha casing inclosingafiltering-chamber, of a rotatable shaft within said casing andprojecting therefrom, and filter-bag carriers and bags thereon carriedby said shaft, and connected at one end to a header connected with asuitable receptacle, substantially as described.

21. In a filter, the combination, with a casing containing a iilteringchamber and a chamber for receiving the filtrate, of a shaft rotatablymounted within said filtering-chamber, and filter-bag carriers andfilter-bags thereon supported from said shaft, and communicating at oneend with a header communicating with said filtrate-chamber,substantially as described.

22. In a filter, the combination, with a casing having a main or centralportion and end pieces inclosing a filtering-chamber, one of said endpieces having within it a chamber for receiving the filtrate, of a shaftprojecting through said filtrate-chamber into the filtering-chamber, androtatably mounted, and filter-bag carriers and filter-bags thereonsupported from said shaft and communicating at one end with a headermounted upon said shaft and having a hollow hub projecting through theinner wall of the end piece containing the filtrate-chamber, wherebysaid header communicates with said filtrate-chamber, substantially asdescribed.

23. In a filter, the combination, with a casing containing afiltering-chamber and provided with a dstributiiig-chamber, connected tothe filtering-chamber by a port arranged to project the fluid in asubstantially Langential direction, whereby rotary circulation of thefluid Within the filtering-chamber is maintained, of filtering deviceswithin said chamber, and means for carrying off the filtrate,substantially as described.

24. In a filter, the combination, with a casing containing afiltering-chamber and provided with a distributing-chamber, connectedwith the filtering-chamber bya port arranged to project fluid in asubstantially tangential direction, said casing also being provided ouits lower side with a sediment-chamber and on its upper side with ascum-chamber, and ns for deflecting the sediment and scum into saidchambers, of filtering devices within the filtering-chamber, and meansfor carrying off the filtrate, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence oftwo witnesses.

ARTHUR E. KRAUSE.

Vitnesses:

HARRY M. MARBLE, RITA BRADT.

